ARS Scientists Institute “Grove-First” Approach to Combat Citrus Greening
An aerial view of the new APHIS-funded Grove-First test site. Here researchers can partner with ARS scientists to evaluate therapies to combat citrus greening disease. (Photo by Cody Estes, owner of Estes Citrus Inc., Vero Beach, FL).
Since the mid-2000s, citrus greening disease or Huanglongbing (HLB), has taken a toll on citrus fruits, causing significant crop and economic losses for citrus growers from Florida to Texas.
With citrus trees in all major U.S. citrus-producing states affected by the bacterial pathogen, the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) is working to combat the disease. Citrus greening affects a variety of citrus fruits -- with the greatest damage occurring within Florida’s orange groves.
Through the project “Grove-First,” ARS scientists Michelle Heck and Randall Niedz are working to stop citrus greening from overtaking these vital crops. Grove-First invites fellow researchers, citrus growers, and industry experts to test their scientific models to curb the effects of citrus greening directly in the field.
Coordinated by molecular biologist Heck at ARS’ Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Laboratory in Ithaca, NY, and geneticist Niedz, who is based at the U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory in Fort Pierce, FL, Grove-First will support any researcher who wants to test possible solutions directly in the field.
“We want to provide access to anyone in the research community to test their therapy against citrus greening,” said Heck. “This new project is going to open the door [to further research] and obliterate the barrier between the lab and the field. We are going to provide researchers with the ability to test their therapies directly in the field.”
With the support of ARS and USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), Grove-First will leverage a commercial grove in Vero Beach, FL, to evaluate different treatments on both mature and young trees.
“The only way to determine if a treatment works is to actually see it work in the field,” added Niedz. “When you have a woody perennial like citrus trees, they are large, and therefore expensive to grow. Most researchers simply don’t have the resources, or access to the trees. With Grove-First, we now have a field site to welcome collaborations with some of the best researchers in the country.”
Heck tributes citrus growers for bringing Grove-First to fruition as a collaborative project. She said that in the past, the only way growers could fight citrus greening disease was to deliver therapies to trees using broadcast sprayers or through irrigation lines.
Because citrus greening disease attacks the vascular tissue of citrus trees, many growers have now turned to injecting individual citrus trees with an antibiotic treatment, such as oxytetracycline, which delivers more immediate treatment.
“The innovation to open up field testing and Grove-First research came from grower willingness to treat each individual citrus tree by direct injection,” said Heck. “This was transformative.”
Grove-First will welcome researchers with three important considerations.
“We want the treatments to be safe … safe for the (citrus) trees and safe for the workers,” Heck said. “They also must be affordable for the grower, and they must be available. The treatments that are safe, affordable, and available will be prioritized for screening through Grove-First.” – by Tami Terella-Faram, ARS Office of Communications